Tuesday, January 8, 2019

Bombay trains: Close to eight people die a day on the network; in the first 11 months of 2018, 650 passengers died falling from trains alone, & even more were killed crossing the tracks

›
‘You Have to Actually Cut Open Mumbai’s Belly’—Inside One of the World’s Most Audacious Transit Projects. Corinne Abrams. The Wall Street Jo...

Having moral employees & leaders can come with many benefits; there can be offsetting costs associated with an internalized moral identity (reduced humor & subsequent likability in the workplace)

›
Yam, K. C., Barnes, C. M., Leavitt, K., Wei, W., Lau, J., & Uhlmann, E. L. (2019). Why so serious? A laboratory and field investigation ...

Microscopic description of chaotic systems' synchronization: Gradual process of topological adjustment in phase space, in which the strange attractors of the two coupled systems continuously converge

›
Synchronization of chaotic systems: A microscopic description. Nir Lahav, Irene Sendina-Nadal, Chittaranjan Hens, Baruch Ksherim, Baruch Bar...

Why would Parkinson’s disease lead to sudden changes in creativity, motivation, or style with visual art?: A review of case evidence and new, contextual, and genetic hypotheses

›
Why would Parkinson’s disease lead to sudden changes in creativity, motivation, or style with visual art?: A review of case evidence and new...

Better to overestimate than to underestimate others’ feelings: Asymmetric cost of errors in affective perspective-taking

›
Better to overestimate than to underestimate others’ feelings: Asymmetric cost of errors in affective perspective-taking. Nadav Klein. Organ...

Found that vegetarian dietary patterns were associated with a higher incidence of morbid obesity culminating in bariatric surgery; refined and processed vegetarian food consumption should be discouraged

›
Which Is a Good Diet—Veg or Non-veg? Faith-Based Vegetarianism for Protection From Obesity—a Myth or Actuality? Sanjay Borude. Obesity Surge...

The Mona Lisa Illusion—Scientists See Her Looking at Them Though She Isn’t

›
The Mona Lisa Illusion—Scientists See Her Looking at Them Though She Isn’t. Gernot Horstmann, Sebastian Loth. i-Perception, https://doi.org/...
Monday, January 7, 2019

Author estimates the degree to which scientists are willing to change the direction of their work in exchange for resources

›
Myers, Kyle, The Elasticity of Science (August 22, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3176991 Abstract: This paper estimates the degree...

The self–other knowledge asymmetry in cognitive intelligence, emotional intelligence, and creativity

›
The self–other knowledge asymmetry in cognitive intelligence, emotional intelligence, and creativity. Aljoscha C. Neubauer et al. Heliyon, V...

Few psychological or physiological processes are universally beneficial; most positive phenomena reach inflection points where their effects turn negative; mindfulness is unlikely to be an exception

›
Can Mindfulness Be Too Much of a Good Thing? The Value of a Middle Way. Willoughby B Britton. Current Opinion in Psychology, https://doi.org...

Between 1950 & 1959, the highest earning 1 percent of Americans paid an effective tax rate of 42 percent. By 2014, it was only down to 36.4 percent

›
Did the Rich Really Pay Much Higher Taxes in the 1950s? The Answer Is a Little Complicated. Jordan Weissmann. Slate,  Aug 07, 2017. https://...

There may be a variety of reasons why more democratic states are engaged in higher levels of international trade; a larger concern for consumer interests, however, is likely not among them

›
The Absence of Consumer Interests in Trade Policy. Timm Betz and Amy Pond. The Journal of Politics, https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/ab...

Human foetuses and newborns smile first during sleep, before they smile while awake and interacting with caregivers; adults may have true smiling and laughing, a true inner mirth, during sleep

›
Smiling asleep: A study of happy emotional expressions during adult sleep. Marion Clé et al. Journal of Sleep Research, https://doi.org/10.1...

Greed: A majority of participants reported an excessive desire for money or materials (clothes, books, &c, 68%); also non-material items (time, love, &c, 32pct)

›
Understanding greed as a unified construct. Glenn W. Lambie, Jaimie Stickl Haugen. Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 141, 15 Ap...

Increased fruit & vegetable consumption can enhance mental well-being; both increasing frequency & increasing quantity matter; a hump-shaped relationship appeared between age & fruit & vegetable consumption

›
Lettuce be happy: A longitudinal UK study on the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and well-being. Neel Ocean, Peter Howl...
Sunday, January 6, 2019

The increase in homebuilding construction concentration in the past decade has led to lower production volume, fewer units in the production pipeline, & greater unit price volatility

›
Cosman, Jacob and Quintero, Luis, Market Concentration in Homebuilding (November 28, 2018). Johns Hopkins Carey Business School Research Pap...

25% of the prosopagnosia sample scored in the tone deaf range; these subjects were impaired in pitch processing, but not rhythm; face recognition ability significantly predicted pitch processing ability

›
Perception Of Musical Pitch In Developmental Prosopagnosia. Sherryse L.Corrow et al. Neuropsychologia, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsyc...

What Laypeople Think the Big Five Trait Labels Mean: Lay beliefs corresponded generally well with standard Big Five inventories’ content, but there were notable disjunctions between beliefs and the standards

›
What Laypeople Think the Big Five Trait Labels Mean. Judith A.Hall et al. Journal of Research in Personality, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp....
Saturday, January 5, 2019

Beauty ranking of mammalian species kept in the Prague Zoo: does beauty of animals increase the respondents’ willingness to protect them?

›
Beauty ranking of mammalian species kept in the Prague Zoo: does beauty of animals increase the respondents’ willingness to protect them? Ev...

Evolutionary Perspectives on Male Homosexuality: A Literature Review. Yasmina Mashmoushi, Mitan Mzouri

›
Evolutionary Perspectives on Male Homosexuality: A Literature Review. Yasmina Mashmoushi, Mitan Mzouri. Proceedings of Manitoba's Underg...

Individuals in a politically homogeneous social networking site environment were more likely to unfriend/hide the political rivals; liberals are more prone to unfriending, as are the educated; the young hide

›
Social networking site as a Political Filtering Machine: Predicting the Act of Political Unfriending and Hiding on Social Networking Sites. ...
Friday, January 4, 2019

Artificial intelligence turns brain activity into speech

›
Artificial intelligence turns brain activity into speech. Kelly Servick. Jan. 2, 2019. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/01/artificial-in...

Photosynthesis may produce toxic by-products that reduce its efficiency; a transgenic plant efficiently recaptures the unproductive by-products of photosynthesis with less energy lost, plants grew ∼40% more

›
Synthetic glycolate metabolism pathways stimulate crop growth and productivity in the field. Paul F. South, Amanda  P. Cavanagh, Helen W. Li...

We test the reproducibility/generalisability of priming effects on risk attitudes: we find no systematic effect; fear does not appear to cause countercyclical risk aversion; positive affect makes participants take more risk

›
On the priming of risk preferences: The role of fear and general affect. Despoina Alempaki, Chris Starmer, Fabio Tufano. Journal of Economic...

Pattern Analysis of World Conflicts over the past 600 years: War is a statistical phenomenon related to the network structure of the human society

›
Pattern Analysis of World Conflicts over the past 600 years. Gianluca Martelloni, Francesca Di Patti, Ugo Bardi. arXiv, Dec 2018. https://ar...

Advisors interpersonally penalize those who do not follow their advice; penalize seekers more than non-expert advisors; interpersonally penalize seekers consulting multiple advisors

›
Seeker beware: The interpersonal costs of ignoring advice. Hayley Blunden et al. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volum...

How husbands and wives report their earnings when she earns more: Inflating their reports of husbands’ earnings & deflating their reports of wives’ earnings

›
Manning up and womaning down: How husbands and wives report their earnings when she earns more. Marta Murray-Close and Misty L. Heggeness, U...

We focus on specific trading days on which investors are primed for honest behavior (Yom Kippur); the patterns found may reflect the increased awareness to honesty

›
The High Holidays: Psychological Mechanisms of Honesty in Real-Life Financial Decisions. Doron Kliger, Mahmoud Qadan. Journal of Behavioral ...
Thursday, January 3, 2019

Targets of negative gossip experienced guilt, especially with low core self-evaluations & caused repair intentions; & anger, especially for targets with high reputational concerns, & caused retaliation intentions

›
Self-Evaluative and Other-Directed Emotional and Behavioral Responses to Gossip About the Self. Elena Martinescu, Onne Janssen and Bernard A...

Increased market orientation causes a significant increase in discoveries of natural resources

›
The shifting natural wealth of nations: The role of market orientation. Rabah Arezki, Frederick van der Ploeg, Frederik Toscani. Journal of ...

Danish high-quality administrative data: Individuals with relatively low time discounting are persistently positioned higher in the wealth distribution

›
Time Discounting, Savings Behavior, and Wealth Inequality. Thomas Epper, Ernst Fehr, Helga Fehr-Duda, Claus Thustrup Kreiner, David D. Lasse...

The increasing value of time raises the cost of commuting & exogenously increases the demand for central locations by high-skilled workers, magnified by endogenous amenity improvement

›
Su, Yichen, The Rising Value of Time and the Origin of Urban Gentrification (December 12, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3216013 Abst...

The Effect of Aggressive Fantasy on Subjective Well-Being: Stuck on the Train of Ruminative Thoughts, Diminishing Well-Being

›
Stuck on the Train of Ruminative Thoughts: The Effect of Aggressive Fantasy on Subjective Well-Being. Kai-Tak Poon, Wing-Yan Wong. Journal o...

Fetal Origins of Mental Disorders? A Negative Answer Based on Mendelian Randomization

›
Fetal Origins of Mental Disorders? An Answer Based on Mendelian Randomization. Subhi Arafat and Camelia C. Minică. Twin Research and Human G...

Processes operating in the crime location choices between body‐disposing & non‐body‐disposing serial killers, & between sexual & acquisitive serial killers in Germany

›
Crime location choices: A geographical analysis of German serial killers. John Synnott et al. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offend...

Human children but not chimpanzees make irrational decisions driven by social comparison: Uniquely human social skills & motivations do not necessarily lead to more prosociality or cooperation

›
Human children but not chimpanzees make irrational decisions driven by social comparison. Esther Herrmann, Lou M. Haux, Henriette Zeidler an...

High mutual cooperation rates in rats learning reciprocal altruism: This finding allows to infer that the learning of reciprocal altruism has early appeared in evolution

›
High mutual cooperation rates in rats learning reciprocal altruism: The role of payoff matrix. Guillermo E. Delmas, Sergio E. Lew, B. Silvan...