Wednesday, May 1, 2019

Men are more optimistic than women; men are also more prone to be wrong in their beliefs about the future economic situation; & in sharp economic downturns, the gender differences in optimism disappear

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Bjuggren, Carl Magnus & Elert, Niklas, 2019. "Gender Differences in Optimism," Working Paper Series 1275, Research Institute o...

Do we want to regulate ideas conflict, or compete and promote our own ideas, or avoid conflict and yield to others' ideas?

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Sociocognitive Conflict Regulation: How to Make Sense of Diverging Ideas. Fabrizio Butera, Nicolas Sommet, Céline Darnon. Current Directions...

Captive apes failed to respect others' claim on food resources & frequently monopolized the resources when had opportunity; children respected & made spontaneous verbal references to ownership

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Children, but not great apes, respect ownership. Patricia Kanngiesser et al. Developmental Science, April 30 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/d...

It was claimed that the ability to recall personal past events is uniquely human; but great apes can remember specific events for long periods of time (months to years); the forgetting curve is similar to ours

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Long-Term Memory of Past Events in Great Apes. Amy Lewis, Dorthe Berntsen, Josep Call. Current Directions in Psychological Science, January ...

Why so many people trust others, even complete strangers, given their social cynicism & aversion to taking risks? People trust at unexpectedly high rates because they feel a social obligation to do so

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Why People Trust: Solved Puzzles and Open Mysteries. David Dunning, Detlef Fetchenhauer, Thomas Schlösser. Current Directions in Psychologic...

Drinking alcohol (compared with placebo or control) increased the positive image held by observers

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Self-Expression While Drinking Alcohol: Alcohol Influences Personality Expression During First Impressions. Edward Orehek et al. Personality...

The “Inclusivity Analysis” feature allows filmmakers “to quickly assign and measure the ethnicity, gender, age, disability or any other definable trait of the characters,” or determine if they pass the Bechdel Test

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Screenplay Software Adds Tool to Assess a Script’s Inclusiveness. Melena Ryzik. TNYT Apr 26 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/26/movies/...

From 2018: These results support the existence of characteristic neural traits in artists, who display reduced reactions to monetary reward acceptance and increased reactions to monetary reward rejection

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From 2018...  Reactivity of the Reward System in Artists During Acceptance and Rejection of Monetary Rewards. Roberto Goya-Maldonado, Maria ...

Chronotype (morningness/eveningness) is associated with preference for the timing of many types of behavior, most notably sleep; also associated with aspects of personality, like prosocial behavior

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The impact of chronotype on prosocial behavior. Natalie L. Solomon, Jamie M. Zeitzer. PLOS, April 30, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal....
Tuesday, April 30, 2019

Distrust of nonreligious individuals is almost completely erased by knowledge that they are following a restricted monogamous lifestyle; thus, reproductive strategies often underlie apparently sacred concerns

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Is Nothing Sacred? Religion, Sex, and Reproductive Strategies. Jordan W. Moon et al. Current Directions in Psychological Science, April 29, ...

Thought-Control Failure: Sensory Mechanisms and Individual Differences

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Measuring Thought-Control Failure: Sensory Mechanisms and Individual Differences. Eugene L. Kwok et al. Psychological Science, April 22, 201...

In Indonesia: Cognitive dissonance in women who are addicted to pornography

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In Indonesia: Cognitive dissonance in women who are addicted to pornography. Rendy Alfiannoor Achmad, Ayunia Firdayati. Jurnal Ecopsy, Vol 6...

Polygamous marriages: Women assigned greater sentence durations & perceived the transgressions toward the institution of marriage as more severe than men; the presence of children increased the troublesomeness of the polygamy

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Widman, D. R., Philip, M. M., & Geher, G. (2018). Punishment of hypothetical polygamous marriages. Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, htt...

Individuals who claim knowledge/expertise where they have little experience or skill exhibit high levels of overconfidence, believe they work hard, persevere at tasks, & are popular

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Bullshitters. Who Are They and What Do We Known about Their Lives? John Jerrim, Phil Parke, rNikki Shure. IZA DP No. 12282. http://ftp.iza.o...

Coupled gay men did more physical activity than coupled straight men and were 1.62x more likely to be active, 1.67x more likely to be high active, 1.89x more likely to engage in muscle-strengthening activities

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A Population-Based Study of Coupling and Physical Activity by Sexual Orientation for Men. Joseph S. Lightner, Katie M. Heinrich & Matthe...

Are U.S. older adults getting lonelier? No evidence that loneliness is substantially higher among the Baby Boomers or that it has increased over the past decade

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Hawkley, L. C., Wroblewski, K., Kaiser, T., Luhmann, M., & Schumm, L. P. Are U.S. older adults getting lonelier?: Age, period, and cohor...

Cancer-free men who consumed alcohol had a slightly lower risk of lethal prostate cancer compared with abstainers; among men with prostate cancer, red wine was associated with a lower risk of progression to lethal disease

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Alcohol Intake and Risk of Lethal Prostate Cancer in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. Mary K. Downer et al. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.18.024...
Monday, April 29, 2019

No direct link between sugary drinks and caloric intake or BMI in children

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European Congress on Obesity (ECO) in Glasgow, UK (28 April-1 May), abstract CP2.06: Should the soft drinks industry levy (“the sugar tax”) ...

That rapid eye movements (REM) are quasi absent in blind individuals despite preserved visual dream content does not support the visual scanning of dreams hypothesis

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Rapid eye movements are reduced in blind individuals. Julie A. E. Christensen, Sébrina Aubin, Tore Nielsen, Maurice Ptito, Ron Kupers, Poul ...

Polygenic scores mediate the Jewish phenotypic advantage in educational attainment and cognitive ability compared with Catholics and Lutherans

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Dunkel, C. S., Woodley of Menie, M. A., Pallesen, J., & Kirkegaard, E. O. W. (2019). Polygenic scores mediate the Jewish phenotypic adva...

When men engaged in intercourse with women they knew were in a committed relationship, thrusting was quicker, deeper, & more vigorous; also reported more intense orgasms & attempted to prolong intercourse

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Burch, R. L., & Gallup, G. G., Jr. (2019). The other man: Knowledge of sexual rivals and changes in sexual behavior. Evolutionary Behavi...

Effect of Being Religious on Wellbeing in a Predominantly Atheist Country: Found a negative correlation between religiosity & physical & mental health

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Kopecky, Robin, Silvia Boschetti, and Jaroslav Flegr. 2019. “Effect of Being Religious on Wellbeing in a Predominantly Atheist Country: Expl...

Intergenerational transmission of the positive effects of physical exercise on brain and cognition

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Intergenerational transmission of the positive effects of physical exercise on brain and cognition. Kerry R. McGreevy, Patricia Tezanos, Iri...

The De-Scent of Sexuality: Did Loss of a Pheromone Signaling Protein Permit the Evolution of Same-Sex Sexual Behavior in Primates?

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The De-Scent of Sexuality: Did Loss of a Pheromone Signaling Protein Permit the Evolution of Same-Sex Sexual Behavior in Primates? Daniel Pf...

How to Ruin Sex Research: Hysterical attacks on what is perceived as an opponent

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How to Ruin Sex Research. J. Michael Bailey. Archives of Sexual Behavior, May 2019, Volume 48, Issue 4, pp 1007–1011. https://link.springer....